microplus) were detected in Cameron County, Texas, outside of the TEQA in May of 2014 (USDA unpublished report). 1994), also have been reported as infested outside of the U.S.A., but not as hosts through the entire life cycle of the ticks.Ĭattle fever ticks ( R. 2005), and small Asian mongoose ( Herpestes javanicus ) ( Corn et al. 2000), ocelot ( Leopardus pardalis ) ( Labruna et al. 2015), domestic dog ( Canis lupus familiaris L.) ( Evans et al. 2005), sloth bear ( Melursus ursinus ) ( Liyanaarachchi et al. 2000), crab-eating fox ( Cerdocyon thous ) ( Labruna et al. Various other mammals, including the Brazilian cottontail ( Sylvilagus brasiliensis ) ( Evans et al. 2006), respectively, and once on feral swine in Brazil ( do Nascimento Ramos et al. 2010), but swine ( Sus scrofa L.) have been reported as infested only three times, twice on domestic swine in Panama ( Fairchild et al. 2010), nilgai ( Boselaphus tragocamelus ) ( Davey 1993) and other ungulates ( Pound et al. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Texas Animal Health Commission currently maintain CFTEP activities in the permanent TEQA because ticks are still present along this part of the border in Mexico.Ĭattle fever ticks are able to complete their life cycle on domestic cattle ( Bos primigenius Bojanus), horses ( Equus ferus Boddaert), donkeys ( Equus africanus Heuglin and Fitzinger), white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) ( Pound et al. The ticks were eradicated from Florida by 1961 ( Pound et al. In 1906, the United States established the Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program (CFTEP, Cotton 1908), and by 1943, the ticks had been eradicated from the U.S.A., except for an area in Florida, and in the Tick Eradication Quarantine Area (TEQA), a buffer area at the United States-Mexico border in South Texas ( USDA 1962). 2010), and by the early 1900s, they were widespread in California, Texas, and across the southeastern United States. Cattle fever ticks, Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) annulatus (Say) and Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), were introduced to the New World in the early 1500s ( Anderson et al.
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